Some knowledge of paint

Some knowledge of paint

Paint is used to decorate, protect and extend the life of natural and synthetic materials, and as a barrier against environmental conditions.

Coatings can be roughly divided into decorative coatings, on-site construction to decorate and protect buildings and other objects, and industrial coatings, which are applied to factories to complete finished products such as automobiles.

Ingredients of paint

The coating contains:

Pigments-the main pigments that impart color and opacity

Binder (resin)-a polymer, commonly called a resin, that forms a matrix to hold the pigment in place

Extender-Add larger pigment particles to improve adhesion, enhance film and save adhesive

Solvents (sometimes called thinners)-Use organic solvents or water to reduce the viscosity of the paint for better application. Waterborne coatings are replacing some coatings that use volatile organic compounds, such as hydrocarbons that are harmful to the atmosphere.

Additives-used to change the properties of liquid coatings or dry films

The binder (resin) and the solvent are sometimes called a carrier. The binder can be dissolved as a solution or carried as a dispersion of microscopic small particles in a liquid.

Depending on the type and application of the coating, additives may include:

Dispersant-Separate and stabilize pigment particles

Silicone-improves weather resistance

Thixotropic agent-gives the coating a jelly-like consistency, which will decompose into a liquid when stirred or brushed into it

Desiccant-accelerate drying time

Anti-settling agent-prevents pigment precipitation

Fungicide-water-based paint in preservation tank

Fungicide and algaecide-protects the external paint film from mold, algae and lichens

The coating is formulated according to its recommended use-primer, primer, special coating (matte, gloss, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance). The pigment powder is broken down into individual particles, which are coated and dispersed in a binder (resin)-called "wetting". The solvent is then added to provide the desired consistency. Mix each batch of ingredients with the required additives in a large mixing vessel (Figure 1). Coatings of up to 40 000 dm 3 can be prepared in one batch.